Internal Revenue Service
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Headquarters | Internal Revenue Service Building 1111 Constitution Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20224 United States |
| Employees | 74,454 (FTE) (2019) |
| Annual budget | $11.303 billion (2019) |
| Agency executive | Charles P. Rettig, Commissioner |
What powers did the ephors have?
The ephors presided over meetings of the council of elders, or gerousia, and assembly, or apella, and were responsible for the execution of their decrees.
Who enforced laws in Sparta?
Athens Sparta Persian Wars Review
| A | B |
|---|---|
| Ephor | A person who enforced laws and managed tax collection in Sparta. |
| Tyrant | A person who take s power by force and rules with total authority. |
| Democracy | System of government in which all citizens share in running the government |
What was the most important role of ephors in ancient Sparta?
What was the most important role of ephors in ancient Sparta? They controlled the helots. They made sure that kings followed the law.
What were Spartan slaves called?
helots
Helot, a state-owned serf of the ancient Spartans. The ethnic origin of helots is uncertain, but they were probably the original inhabitants of Laconia (the area around the Spartan capital) who were reduced to servility after the conquest of their land by the numerically fewer Dorians.
What a person who takes power by force and rules with total authority?
A tyrant is someone who takes power by force and rules with total authority.
What was the most powerful body in the Spartan government?
The Gerousia had the highest authority in the Spartan state. The Gerousia was a council of elders (senate) which consisted of 28 elders (gerontocrats) and both kings who were members of The Gerousia by position.
What are the laws of Sparta?
The Spartans had no historical records, literature, or written laws, which were, according to tradition, expressly prohibited by an ordinance of Lycurgus, excluding the Great Rhetra. Issuance of coinage was forbidden.
Who are the ephors and why are they important?
The ephors were a council of five elected annually who swore “on behalf of the city” while the kings swore for themselves. Herodotus claimed that the institution was created by Lycurgus, while Plutarch considers it a later institution. It may have arisen from the need for governors while the kings were leading armies in battle.
Why was the ephor important to the citizens of Sparta?
The ephors did not have to kneel down before the Kings of Sparta and were held in high esteem by the citizens because of the importance of their powers and because of the holy role that they earned throughout their functions. Since decisions were made by majority vote, Sparta’s policy could change quickly, when the vote of one ephor changed.
How often did the Ephors have to swear an oath?
Every adult male citizen was eligible for election, which was annual. In classical times an oath was sworn monthly: by the kings that they would observe the laws; by the ephors on behalf of the city that on this condition they would maintain the king’s authority.
What was the ephors role in the Criminal Court?
According to Pausanias, the ephors served with the Gerousia on the Supreme criminal court of Sparta. This included presiding over treason, homicide and other offences that carried serious punishments. These punishments included exile, death and disfranchisement.
